伊朗核能源开发活动(double language)
伊朗核能源开发活动开始于２０世纪５０年代，当时得到美国及其他西方国家的支持。１９８０年美伊断交后，美国曾多次指责伊朗以“和平利用核能”为掩护秘密发展核武器，并对其采取“遏制”政策。
２００３年初，伊朗宣布发现并提炼出能为其核电站提供燃料的铀后，美国对伊朗核能开发计划提出“严重质疑”，并多次警告伊朗停止与铀浓缩相关的活动，甚至威胁将伊朗核问题提交联合国安理会。
国际原子能机构也通过多项相关决议，要求伊朗与其合作，签署《不扩散核武器条约》附加议定书，终止铀浓缩活动。在国际社会，特别是在代表欧盟的法国、德国、英国积极斡旋下，伊朗采取了一系列积极举措。２００３年１２月１８日，伊朗正式签署了《不扩散核武器条约》附加议定书。２００４年４月，伊朗宣布暂停浓缩铀离心机的组装。
为说服伊朗彻底终止铀浓缩活动，德法英３国还与伊朗举行了多轮会谈，并于２００４年１１月初在巴黎初步达成协议。由于双方在关键问题上的分歧，巴黎协议未能得到落实。
为了打破伊朗核问题的僵局，去年１２月，俄罗斯向伊朗递交了两国在俄境内建立铀浓缩联合企业的提议，以确保伊朗的核技术不会用于军事目的。但伊朗表示其铀浓缩活动必须在本国境内进行。
今年１月３日，伊朗宣布已恢复中止两年多的核燃料研究工作，并于１０日在国际原子能机构的监督下揭掉了核燃料研究设施上的封条，正式恢复核燃料研究活动。此举引起国际社会的强烈反应。３月２８日，安理会通过要求伊朗在３０天内中止一切核活动的主席声明。
６月１日，俄罗斯、美国、中国、英国、法国和德国举行外长级会议，提出一项旨在解决伊朗核问题的新方案，并要求伊朗尽快对这一方案作出答复。伊朗认为，六国方案虽包含“积极措施”，但也有“模糊不清之处”，有待进一步探讨，并多次表示将在８月２２日前对六国方案作出答复。
由于伊朗的消极反应，六国外长７月１２日在巴黎发表声明，决定将伊朗核问题重新提交联合国安理会。尽管声明隐含制裁的威胁，伊朗依然重申，伊朗尊重国际法和国际准则，但决不放弃获得核技术的权利。
７月３１日，联合国安理会通过了关于伊朗核问题的第１６９６号决议，要求伊朗在８月３１日之前暂停所有与铀浓缩相关的活动，并呼吁伊朗与国际原子能机构开展合作。但伊朗表示，伊朗的铀浓缩活动只会继续和扩大，不会中止。
IAEA: Iran violating security..
The U.N. nuclear watchdog agency has concluded that Iran is continuing its uranium enrichment work in defiance of a Security Council demand. Council members are likely to begin talks on possible sanctions against Tehran in the next few weeks.
In a six-page report, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) director Mohamed ElBaradei bluntly says "Iran has not suspended its enrichment activities".
The report sent to the U.N. Security Council Thursday also says the agency has not been able to confirm the nature of Iran's nuclear program because of Tehran's lack of cooperation. It adds that "Iran has resumed enriching small amounts of uranium in recent days".
Washington's U.N. Ambassador John Bolton described the IAEA report as a warning signal to the international community about Iran's nuclear intentions.
"That's a red flag ," said Mr. Bolton. "That says that the Iranian program contains much that should be worried about here in New York and underlies our concern that Iran is pursuing nuclear weapons. There's simply no other explanation for the range of Iranian behavior, which we've seen over the years other than that they're pursuing a weapons capability."
The IAEA findings place Iran in clear violation of an earlier Security Council order that set an August 31 deadline for suspending enrichment activities. It also opens the way for the Council to impose sanctions against the Tehran government.
Bolton reiterated the U.S. intention to push ahead with sanctions. But he said the Security Council would not take up the question of possible penalties until after a meeting next week between European Union's foreign policy chief Javier Solana and Iran's top nuclear negotiator Ali Larijani.
"There are a range of issues that we've been considering," he added. "I don't think there'll be discussions here until after Javier Solana meets with Mr. Larijani next week in Europe, so we'll see what happens after that meeting, but the United States has been considering this for quite some time and we've got a lot of thoughts on it."
The deputy chief of Iran's nuclear agency, Mohammed Saeedi was quoted Thursday as saying the IAEA report had shown that U.S. allegations about Tehran's nuclear program are, in his words, baseless.
In a report carried by Iran's official news agency IRNA, Saeedi said the report had shown that what he called "America's propaganda and politically motivated claims" are based on "hallucinations of U.S. officials".
The focus of negotiations on Iran shifts to Europe next week, where U.S. Undersecretary of State Nicholas Burns will meet with other diplomats from Security Council nations and Germany on the sanctions issue. They are also expected to confer with E.U. foreign policy chief Solana before and after his meeting with the Iranian nuclear negotiator Larijani.
French Foreign Minister Philippe Douste-Blazy Thursday signaled the negotiations may be lengthy. He said that while his country deplores Iran's unsatisfactory response to the Security Council demand for an end to uranium enrichment, he remains convinced that the path of dialogue should remain open.
