很有用的专8汉译英精解1~ 千万不要错过喔
在听、说、读、写、译中，翻译作为语言学习的基本技能之一，在专业八级的测试中占了相当的篇幅。在此ViVi搜集了以下资料拟对专八翻译测试“中译英”中常见中文句型的翻译技法作一简介，以期对正在准备专八的亲们有些帮助！^-^
“Art is long; life is short.” (Geoffrey Chaucer) 是不是觉得这个句子很简单？尝试翻译一下吧。“艺术很长，生命很短。”自己觉得如何？要把握英文前重心，中文后重心的语言特点。英语原文侧重强调艺术的重要，这样中文至少应译成：“生命很短，艺术很长。”发现语言过于口语化，那就雕琢一下：“人生如氤氲，艺术永不朽。”如再运用中文标志性的四字辞格加以改写，则变成“人生苦短，艺术弥香。” 数种译文，哪种更能吸引评分老师？答案一目了然。
★主谓单句
翻译过程中对照中文句式，以直译为主，适当调整语序。
【2007年真题】在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。
A group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank.
【2005年真题】我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。
Laborers, great statesmen as well as the great thinkers in our history, past and present, all treat their lives the same way, without exception.
【注意事项】
1、避免机械对应。
● 中国近几年发生了巨大变化。
A. China has been crackling with the dynamics of changes these years.
B.Great changes have taken place in China these years.
C.These years have witnessed great changes in China.
D.There have been great changes in China these years.
E.China has been experiencing great changes these years.
2、翻译汉语句子的非动词谓语时，需补加动词。
●于先生很聪明。Mr. Yu looks clever.
●专八考试并不困难。TEM-8 is not difficult.
3、避免谓语动词的机械对应。
●“打”：打球play，打架fight，打车grab/take
●你们要搞调查研究。You have to do some investigation and study.
●别搞那么多菜了。Don’t make/cook so many dishes.
●你搞什么鬼？What on earth are you up to?
●他身体搞垮了。He has ruined his health.
由此牵涉出一个英汉互译中应该关注的现象——一词多义。
●马克思同志的思想和学说是永存的。thought; teachings
●关于新东方建设总路线的基本思想 ideas
●破除迷信，解放思想 the mind
●毛泽东军事思想的一个重要组成部分，是关于人民战争的思想 thinking; concept
●政治问题和思想问题ideological
★无主语句
【2007年真题】如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱的神情，洁白的牙齿，那丰富而单纯的表情。
When approaching near, one would find their lily-white teeth and a variety of innocent facial expressions.
【2006年真题】况中国古代素来以不滞于物，不为物役为最主要的人生哲学。
Besides, the ancient Chinese people have always regarded it as their fundamental philosophy of life that one should neither be confined to material things, nor be enslaved by them.
【注意事项】
1、汉语祈使句，英译依法照译。
●里面里面！Inside please!
●你的身份证！Your ID card！
2、汉语中叙事或论理的无主句，译时补加主语。
●三十而立，四十不惑。
At thirty, one is well-established. At forty, one is free from any doubt.
●学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？
Is it not a pleasure after all to practice in due time what one has learnt? Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar?
3、汉语习惯性无主句转换为there be结构，也可采用主谓单句或被动句式。
●剩下的时间不多了。 There is very little time left.
●没有不透风的墙。The walls have ears.
注意：汉语无主句较为常见，转换为英文应时刻提醒自己补充或还原主语。
呵呵 亲们自己可以尝试翻译：“松下问童子，言师采药去。” 记得余中光老师也翻译过这句话，不过也是省掉了主语的，结果外国同学就费解了~~ 亲们想想有什么更好的 既达意又传神的译文么?? ^_^
大家一起试试 讨论讨论吧~~~HOHO~~
